TORTORA FUNKE CASE Microbiology AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION

TORTORA FUNKE CASE Microbiology AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein Chapter 12, part C The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths The Protozoa versus other

eukaryotic microbes Table 12.1 The Protozoa Eukaryotic Unicellular Chemoheterotrophs Classified by means of locomotion Asexual reproduction by fission, budding, or schizogony Sexual reproduction by conjugation

Some produce cysts Figure 12.16 Archaezoa: Flagellates Mastigophora: have two or more flagella No mitochondria Multiple flagella Giardia lamblia Trichomonas vaginalis (no cyst stage) Figure 12.17b-d Rhizopoda (amoebas)

Move by pseudopods Entamoeba Acanthamoeba No jpeg for Figure 21.21 Figure 12.18a Ciliophora (ciliates) Move by cilia Complex cells Balantidium coli is the only human parasite

Figure 12.20 Apicomplexa: Sporozoa Nonmotile Intracellular parasites Complex life cycles Plasmodium Babesia Cryptosporidium Cyclospora Toxoplasmosis Plasmodium

1 Infected mosquito bites Sporozoites in salivary gland human; sporozoites migrate through bloodstream to liver of human 9 Resulting sporozoites migrate to salivary glands of mosquito

8 In mosquitos Female gametocyte Male gametocyte digestive tract, gametocytes unite to form zygote Sporozoites undergo

schizogony in liver cell; merozoites are produced 3 Merozoites Sexual reproduction Zygote 2 Asexual reproduction

released into bloodsteam from liver may infect new red blood cells Intermediate host 4 Merozoite develops into ring stage in red blood cell Ring

stage Definitive host 7 Another mosquito bites 6 Merozoites are released infected humnan and when red blood cell ingests gametocytes ruptures; some merozoites infect new red blood cells, and some develop into male and female gametocytes Merozoites 5 Ring stage

grows and divides, producing merozoites Figure 12.19 Euglenozoa Move by flagella Photoautotrophs Euglenoids Chemoheterotrophs Trypanosoma transmitted by

vectors Leishmania Flagellated form in sand fly vector, ovoid form in vertebrate host Euglenozoa Chloroplasts Eyespot Use flagella to move to light Positively phototropic May eat tiny particles as well

Figure 12.21 Slime Molds http://waynesword.palomar.edu/slime1.htm Cellular Slime Molds Cellular slime molds Resemble amoebas, ingest bacteria by phagocytosis Cells aggregate into stalked fruiting body. Some cells become

spores Plasmodial slime molds Multinucleated large cells Cytoplasm separates into stalked sporangia Nuclei undergo meiosis and form uninucleate haploid spores Cellular Slime Mold Figure 12.22

Plasmodial Slime Mold Figure 12.23