CHAPTER 23 THE GILDED AGE The Gilded Age 1869-1889 or 1870-1890 Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner were the men who wrote a book The Gilded Age. Nicknames for the Gilded Age : Era of Good Stealings Great Barbecue Ulysses S. Grant Most popular figure to
emerge from Civil War. "Waving the Appeared non-political. Voters tired of typical politicians! Election of 1868 Republican Nominee--Grant Republican BloodyPlatform: Shirt"
Continued Military Reconstruction Democratic Nominee-Horatio Seymore Corruption in Grant's Presidency 1.Jim Fisk and Jay Gould 2.Tweed Ring 3.Credit Mobilier Scandal 4.Whiskey Ring
Twee d in New RinLocated g York City Led by William Boss Tweed Political machine called Tammany Hall Exposed by NY Times and cartoonist Thomas
ELECTION OF 1872 Liberal Republican Party formed in response to Grants corrupt presidency Turn the Rascals Out GRANT WINS!! Republican Party endorsed GrantGrant us another term! Democrats endorse Horace
Greeley Caused by 1.Overproduction of railroads, mines, factories, and farm products 2.Bankers made too risky loans 3.Value of Greenbacks went down PANIC OF 1873 Hard Money vs. Soft Money
Democrats in Congress wanted to print more money to stimulate the economy. Republicans feared rise in inflation SPECIE RESUMPTION ACT OF 1875-Greenbacks out of circulation; payments in gold! "C RIM EO F' 73
BLAND-ALLISON ACT OF 1878 Formed seeing more soft money Elected 14 members to Congress Died when the currency issue was GREENBACK LABOR PARTY Voting patterns during the
80% voted in the Gilded Age. Gilded Age Straight ticket- when you vote for everyone of the same party. Ticket splitting- when you vote for candidates on both parties. This was very rare during the Gilded Age. GOP- Grand Old Party .Republicans GAR- Grand Army of the Republic veterans
Patronage is the new word that means basically the spoils system. Used heavily by both parties during the Gilded Age. Republicans were divided into 2 factions over the Spoils System: Stalwarts and Half-Breeds. Stalwarts- supported the use of the spoils system. Roscoe Conkling was the leader of the Stalwarts Half-Breeds- wanted to
reform the spoils system. James G. Blaine was the leader of the HalfBreeds. Election of 1876 Samuel Tilden- Democrat Rutherford B. Hayes- Republican Disputed election. Samuel Tilden got 184 electoral votes but needed just one more to become president. Hayes needed 20 and there were 20 electoral votes in dispute. Which states were in dispute? Why?
COMPROMISE OF 1877 Decided the winner of the Election of 1876 Congress passed the Electoral Count Act. 5 Senators, 5 House members and 5 from the Supreme Court one independent Supreme Court justice, David Davis. (7 Republicans, 7 Democrats, and 1 independent) Tell the story! Would this happen today? Result: 8 Republicans to 7 Democrats Compromise of 1877 1. Rutherford B. Hayes becomes
president. R E 2 Hayes must withdraw all federal V troops I out of the South thus officially ending E Reconstruction. W 3. Hayes had to give some Democrats Last major compromise American history government
jobsinthrough the A L L Rutherford B. Hayes Rutherfraud Old 8-to-7 His Fraudulency The Cold Water The Cold Water
administration administration Lemonade Lucy- his wife, got nickname b/c she didnt allowing drinking in White House. Civil Rights Act of 1875 This was the last Civil Rights Act past by the Republicans to protect blacks during Reconstruction. Supposedly guaranteed equal accommodations in public places & prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection. (basically the Civil Rights Act of1964) This act was toothless and stayed that way for
almost a century. The 3 methods that Southern Democrats used against blacks to keep them from exercising their civil rights: Poll taxes Literacy tests Barefaced intimidation Grandfather clause was passed by many states. This stipulated that if your grandfather had voted in the election of 1860you were exempt from poll taxes & literacy tests. JIM CROW LAWS The Jim Crow laws were a series of laws passed in
South in 1890s. These segregated blacks and whites in public places. These were declared legal and constitutional in Plessy v. Fergerson Plessy v. Fergerson stated,that separate but equal is O.K. This legalized segregation! 1896 CHINESE IMMIGRANTS Many Chinese coolies were coming into California.
They competed with the Irish and Blacks for jobs! Denis Kearney was the Irishman who organized the abuse of the Chinese. The Chinaman sometimes wore a pigtail called a Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act-- slammed the door on Chinese immigrants. They were prohibited from
immigrating to the United States. Election Electionof of1880 1880 President- James Garfield Republican- Half-Breed Vice Pres.- Chester Arthur Republican- Stalwart What Whatwas wasaaStalwart? Stalwart? What Whatwas
wasaaHalf-Breed? Half-Breed? What is there in this place that a man should ever want to get into? James A. Garfield The Assassination of James Garfield Charles Guiteau shot Garfield. He was a disappointed and deranged office-seeker. Charles Guiteau I am a stalwart, Chester Arthur is now president of the U.S.! -Charles Guiteau
CHESTER ARTHUR What did he mean by this quote? For the vice-presidency, I was indebt to Mr. Conkling, but for the Presidency of the U.S. my debt is to the Almighty. -Chester Arthur The Pendleton Pendleton Civil Civil Service Service Act
Act The 1883 1883 Passed Passedbecause becauseof ofthe theassassination assassinationof of James JamesGarfield. Garfield. Reformed
Reformedthe theSpoils SpoilsSystem. System. Set Setup upaamerit meritsystem systembased basedon onaptitude, aptitude, instead insteadof ofwho whoyou youwere
wereor orknew. knew. Set Setaasystem systemof ofcompetitive competitive examinations examinations Election of 1884 James G. Blaine- Republican Grover Cleveland- Democrat Grover
Grover ClevelandCleveland- bachelor bachelor at at the the time time of of his his election. election. Had Had an an affair affair with with aa widow, widow, child child was
was born born and he took responsibility. responsibility. Republican Republican slogan slogan was was Ma Ma ma ma wheres wheres my my pa? pa? Mulligan Letters- group of letters written by Blaine that showed he was involved in some corrupt
deals. At the bottom it read, burn this letter! Democrats used it as a slogan Burn, burn, burn this letter! Mugwamps- group of Republicans who refused to vote for Blaine. Election of 1884 Election was close, came down mainly to New York. Slogan said by one of Blaines followers that helped his defeat was Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion Insulted Irish in NY, and along with Mulligan
Letters, cost him the election. Laissez-Faire- Hands off, let be Govt. should not intervene with private business. Pork- barrel- things not necessary or useful. Spending money not meant to be spent. Qu s e t o
Public office is a public trust. -Grover Cleveland Though the people should support the government, the government should not support the people. -Grover Cleveland Whats the point in being elected or re-elected unless you stand for something? -Grover Cleveland The TheForgettable ForgettablePresidents Presidents U.
S. Grant U. S. Grant Rutherford B. Hayes Rutherford B. Hayes James A. Garfield James A. Garfield Chester Arthur Chester Arthur Ben Harrison Ben Harrison
***Grover Cleveland ***Grover Cleveland Election of 1888 Grover ClevelandCleveland- Democrat Democrat Grover Benjamin HarrisonHarrison- Republican Republican Benjamin Young Tippecanoe Tippecanoe Young Grandson Grandsonof
ofWilliam William Henry HenryHarrison Harrison
